Fundamentals of Neuroradiological Imaging

Radiological imaging techniques have a central role in the management of critically ill neurological patients. This chapter describes the basic physical concepts, potential clinical applications, strengths, and weaknesses of neuroradiological imaging. It provides examples of the rational use of the most frequently used imaging modalities, including plain radiographs, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound, positron emission tomography (PET), and digital subtraction angiography (DSA). This chapter aims to equip healthcare personnel with a basic understanding of the neuroimaging techniques that are essential for making accurate clinical decisions in the neurointensive care unit (neuro-ICU) environment. These techniques have undergone significant advancements and can now be performed at the bedside, which decreases the need to move patients out of the neuro-ICU. It is important to use these techniques rationally by considering both their strengths and weaknesses, which will optimize their use in the neurointensive care setting.