Justice: The Truth

Godwin believed that the absolute truth has an independent existence and that positive science is forever in the process of revealing it. For that reason alone, progress towards perfectibility is inevitable. Following Hume and Hartley, both Godwin and Malthus believed that sense perception and regularity of association were the best-possible proxies and that the same methodology could be applied in the human sciences. The future is estimated using probabilities from the past. One consequence is that discovery and novelty become enmeshed in memory and habit. Without prejudice and stereotype, the observer would not even have a rule of thumb. Since both Godwin and Malthus were brought up in the Christian faith, it is argued that both were influenced, in the shadow of Weber, by Protestant ideas such as self-reliance, limited consumption and truth-telling (Godwin’s ‘sincerity’). The scientist who discovers the truth about the natural law is a benefactor who improves the intellectual life of his nation. Mind is ranked by Godwin above matter. Malthus, although a clergyman, believed that matter had momentum of its own.