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The ProSPeReS project is aimed toward developing a protection system for places of worship against man-made threats while moving beyond sole conventional technical security measures and preserving a balance between the security of places of worship (PWs) and their open nature. The basis of this endeavor and simultaneously an essential element for informed decision-making with respect to the protection of PWs, is a risk-based approach applied through vulnerability assessment (VA). During the project, various VAs were undertaken for selected PWs, entailing site surveys and in situ VA workshops with the participation of the sites’ personnel, competent local authorities, and first responders. The results of the VAs performed during the project, revealed gaps not only related to technical security measures but also security culture, awareness, involvement, and training of PW staff regarding security procedures, and finally, the lack of cooperation and information exchange among stakeholders in general. These gaps, combined with the inherent traits of PWs such as their open nature, high concentration of people, and their symbolic/cultural value, result in them being soft targets, vulnerable to various potential man-made threats.

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Vulnerability Assessment for Places of Worship in the EU

  • 章节

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Konstantinos Apostolou,
  • Joseph Levis,
  • Christina Karafylli,
  • Maria Karafylli,
  • Vivian Gravenberch,
  • Anna van der Stok,
  • Rafał Batkowski,
  • Marcin Podogrocki,
  • Timo Hellenberg,
  • Hannu Rantanen

摘要

The ProSPeReS project is aimed toward developing a protection system for places of worship against man-made threats while moving beyond sole conventional technical security measures and preserving a balance between the security of places of worship (PWs) and their open nature. The basis of this endeavor and simultaneously an essential element for informed decision-making with respect to the protection of PWs, is a risk-based approach applied through vulnerability assessment (VA). During the project, various VAs were undertaken for selected PWs, entailing site surveys and in situ VA workshops with the participation of the sites’ personnel, competent local authorities, and first responders. The results of the VAs performed during the project, revealed gaps not only related to technical security measures but also security culture, awareness, involvement, and training of PW staff regarding security procedures, and finally, the lack of cooperation and information exchange among stakeholders in general. These gaps, combined with the inherent traits of PWs such as their open nature, high concentration of people, and their symbolic/cultural value, result in them being soft targets, vulnerable to various potential man-made threats.