Fundamentals of Poland Syndrome

Poland Syndrome, is a pathology characterized by a wide phenotype variability as deficiency of mammary tissue and pectoralis major muscle, agenesis of deformity of the cartilage rib, hypoplasia or aplasia of the nipple-areola complex, axillary fold and subcutaneous tissue, sternal deformities as pectum excavatum or pectus carinatum; and malformations of the ipsilateral upper arm. The main malformation in these patients is the thoracic malformation. The reason for the existence of a wide variety of treatments depends on the variability of the patient's phenotype. For this reason, classifications have been created that help determine the number of surgical phases for the reconstruction and the individual needs of each patient; as well as the appropriate moment to start a reconstruction according to the objectives. This chapter presents the main general and treatment concepts to carry out a satisfactory successful reconstruction.