How Can Pneumatics Be Trained with Augmented Reality in the Context of Training for Industrial-Technical Professions?

Augmented reality (AR) holds promise as a technology for creating hands-on learning environments. This paper presents the development of an AR-based training program for pneumatics teaching, aiming to investigate the effects of different elements of AR visualization on learning and knowledge acquisition. Two concepts for AR visualization elements were developed: a realistic replica of the pneumatic system and a concept that incorporates additional AR elements, such as airflow tracking and an X-ray view. A mixed-methods approach study was conducted with fifteen first-year industrial mechanics apprentices. The participants were divided into three groups (traditional learning method, concept 1, concept 2) and performed two practical exercises on pneumatics. The results indicated that AR-based training can be an effective method for imparting knowledge in the field of pneumatics. However, the type of visualization used significantly impacts the learner’s knowledge absorption. Visualizations conveying additional information, such as airflow tracking and an X-ray view, proved to help learners better understand and internalize complex relationships and functionalities. This study suggests that AR-based training is an effective way to teach pneumatics, but the choice of visualization is crucial. Visualizations providing additional information, such as airflow tracking and an X-ray view, enhance learners’ understanding and internalization of complex relationships and functionalities. More research is needed to validate these findings and explore additional ways to use AR to improve the learning experience in pneumatics and other technical fields.