Navier-Stokes-Fourier Models

For simple substances, i.e., substances where no change of composition occurs, the transport equations of the previous chapter reduce to the Navier-Stokes-Fourier (NSF) equations of classical hydrodynamics. This chapter presents the NSF equations for compressible flows and their reduced form for incompressible flows. The Boussinesq approximation for quasi-incompressible liquids with thermal expansion is discussed in some detail. The equations are solved for Couette, Poiseuille and Boussinesq flows. The chapter closes with a discussion of co- and counterflow heat exchangers.