Governance Impact Assessment, Regulatory Recommendations and Challenges

This chapter critically examines the regulatory and governance challenges posed by the deployment of automated vehicles (AVs) and highlights the need for adaptable laws and governance models to accommodate AVs in public transport systems. Various governance approaches are described, including global, state, self-directed, cooperative, social, technological and financial governance, and their importance in the context of AV regulation is highlighted. The discussion highlights the need for an integrated, collaborative regulatory approach that recognises the unique characteristics of AVs and argues for the harmonisation of laws at different levels to facilitate this transition. Through a comprehensive analysis, the chapter highlights the multiple impacts of AVs on legal and societal domains and presents a set of legal recommendations for authorities. These recommendations emphasise governance that not only promotes societal benefits but also addresses critical ethical, privacy and liability concerns. By charting a path towards a governance framework that supports the safe and beneficial integration of AVs into urban mobility, this chapter contributes valuable insights into overcoming the legal and regulatory hurdles that stand in the way of realising the full potential of automated public transport systems.