Comet Assay in the Digital Era: A Review of the Use of Artificial Intelligence for the Analysis of DNA Damage Based on the Results of the Comet Assay

The rapid advancement of genetic testing techniques has revolutionized our understanding of organism health and opened the way for personalized approaches to care and prevention. In light of this progress, this review article explores the intersection of genetic testing, particularly through the Comet assay, and artificial intelligence (AI) methodologies for analyzing DNA damage and predicting organismal health status. Focusing on research published within the last five years, this paper synthesizes the current landscape of studies leveraging Comet assay and AI, with specific attention to artificial neural networks (ANN), convolutional neural networks (CNN), Fuzzy Inference System CNN (FIS CNN), Faster Region-based CNN (Faster R-CNN), and Mask Region-based CNN (Mask R-CNN). Through a comprehensive examination of recent literature, this review elucidates the potential of integrating advanced genetic testing and AI techniques to enhance our understanding of DNA damage and its implications for organism health, thus opening the way for more precise and personalized approaches to healthcare and disease prevention.