Digital Product Passport Implementation Based on Hyperledger Fabric Technology

This paper examines the implementation of a Digital Product Passport (DPP) using Hyperledger Fabric technology, proposing a framework to enhance product lifecycle management in the context of the European Union’s circular economy action plan. A DPP is a system providing detailed information on a product’s materials, origin, usage, and end-of-life instructions, aimed at improving recycling practices and promoting sustainable consumption. The proposed approach integrates Decentralized Identifier (DID) technology for unique product identification, ensuring accurate and tamper-proof tracking throughout a product’s lifecycle. DID Management Blockchain (implemented using cheqd.io) and a DPP Data Blockchain (built on Hyperledger Fabric) are combined to obtain a dual-blockchain solution. This design leverages the strengths of both systems, enhancing the security and efficiency of data handling. The paper details the data model for DPP, including entities like Product, Manufacturer, Supplier, and Material. Performance tests on the Hyperledger Fabric network demonstrate the system’s efficacy, with a focus on CRUD operations and scalability.