Analysis of Particle Parameters of Multi-channel Mixed Cross-Section Right-Angle Cold Spray Nozzle Structure

Cold spray technology is a solid-state deposition technology. The particles are accelerated in the Laval nozzle and plastically deform after deposition with the substrate to form a coating. The nozzle is an important part of cold spray technology, which will directly affect the coating performance and has been paid attention to and studied in engineering applications. This article combines circular cross-sections and rectangular cross-sections to form a hybrid cross-section right-angle cold spray nozzle; based on the single-channel nozzle, multi-channel nozzles are gradually studied. The results show that the three-channel nozzle has better heating characteristics than the single-channel nozzle; it has better acceleration characteristics and particle utilization efficiency than the double-channel nozzle, and the velocity flow field in the expansion section is more uniformly distributed along the axial direction; The three-channel nozzle can make particles flow out from the velocity center area at the exit of the expansion section, and the particle size has the greatest contribution to velocity; the three-channel nozzle can achieve the deposition of a variety of particle materials on the substrate, and can also achieve the velocity conditions required for the compaction of coatings by \({{\text{Al}}}_{2}{{\text{O}}}_{3}\) particles; the three-channel mixed cross-section right-angle cold spray nozzle is suitable for spray deposition in compact space; the multi-channel nozzle provides a reference for the research on cold spray nozzles opinion.