Comprehensive Evaluation of Stroke Rehabilitation Dynamics: Integrating Brain-Computer Interface with Robotized Orthesic Hand and Longitudinal EEG Changes

Stroke-induced motor deficits need personalized rehabilitation therapies to maximize motor recovery. Integrating Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) technology with robotized exoskeletons, enabling a closed-loop proprioceptive feedback loop to the injured brain, represents a promising approach for enhancing rehabilitation outcomes. However, understanding the longitudinal impact of this integrated approach on stroke recovery is paramount importance. Monitoring through electroencephalography (EEG) patterns holds promise in providing valuable insights into the neurophysiological adaptations occurring during rehabilitation, thereby providing valuable data for personalized treatment strategies and therefore, for optimizing the recovery process. A longitudinal study was conducted to assess the effect of integrating a BCI-robotized orthesic hand in stroke rehabilitation, leveraging clinical evaluation and quantitative EEG analysis for monitoring. This study aims to elucidate neural mechanisms underlying rehabilitation and optimize treatment strategies to enhance stroke recovery, with EEG changes serving as valuable indicators of neuroplasticity.