Biosensors and Nanosensors for Determination of Harvest Quality Parameters and Fruit Handling Processes Monitoring

Maintaining fruit qualityFruit quality is of paramount importance, especially given the increasing need to preserve food and reduce fruitFruit decay losses. Consequently, evaluating the appropriate time for harvesting and monitoringMonitoring fruit qualityFruit quality has become essential. This process involves tracking the fruit’sFruit quality from the fieldField to the consumer, encompassing transportation, handling, and storage. Nanobiosensors have proven to be highly reliable and sensitive in biosensing applicationsApplications compared to conventional sensorsSensors, which suffer from various limitations in detectionDetection. This chapter delves into the current state of biosensorsBiosensor and nanosensorsNanosensors for fruit qualityFruit quality controlQuality control and handling. These sensorsSensors are designed to assess factorsFactors such as maturity indicesMaturity indices, freshness, contaminants, allergens, microorganismsMicroorganisms, and toxicantsToxicants. Furthermore, there are promising applicationsApplications of intelligent operations and electronic nosesElectronic nose (e-nose) in the realms of fruit qualityFruit quality controlQuality control and decomposition, with a specific focus on their utility for logistical purposes. Real-time monitoringReal-time monitoring of fruit qualityFruit quality to enable rapid screening, counterfeit detectionDetection, and tracking has spurred innovative and intelligent fruit packagingIntelligent fruit packaging solutions. This chapter offers an overview of the contributions of nanotechnologyNanotechnology-based biosensorsBiosensor in fruitFruit handling, ongoing research, technological advancements, regulatory guidelines, future challenges, and the industrial outlook.