Evaluation of the Effect of Three-Dimensional Shape in VR Space on Emotion Using Physiological Indexes

Virtual reality (VR) enables a highly realistic experience. In recent years, there has been an increasing demand for VR-based space design, because it is easier to make design changes, saves cost compared to actual construction. When designing a space, it is important to create a comfortable environment for users. Understanding how elements such as color, shape, and materials affect emotions can help in the design process. Previous studies have evaluated the impressions of VR spaces and real spaces. However, the effect of space elements on emotions and impressions is unclear. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effect of the space elements on emotions in VR space, focusing on the shape of objects. Physiological indexes were obtained during VR viewing using a pulse sensor and a brainwave sensor to evaluate emotions. The Semantic Differential (SD) method was used to evaluate impressions. The results showed the impressions of four types of VR spaces vary greatly depending on their characteristics. The results of the emotions show that spheres in VR space tend to induce relaxation and high arousal, while cones induce tension and high arousal.