Computational Models for Physical Non-revenue Water (NRW) Through Internet of Things (IoT)
摘要
The world today pays serious attention to water reliability, economic efficiency and sustainable development. The topic of loss control in water facilities is of particular importance. The effective factors in the actual amount of water losses include topography, network length, number of branches and service standards, maintenance quality and network performance. In a well-functioning network, water losses must be continuously controlled. In this work, performance indicators were discussed in order to evaluate the control of physical losses in distribution networks. In order to determine the average water pressure in different points of the distribution network, the results of manometer and calibrated hydraulic model were used. For the isolated area, the average pressure during the day and night was taken into account. Based on local measurements, the percentage of reduction of pressure inside the pipe after the fracture was estimated to be about 50% compared to the normal pressure. Continuity equation and Bernoulli’s equation were used to determine the amount of Non-Revenue Water due to broken pipes. The amount of physical Non-Revenue Water was calculated in an isolated area with 200 consumers’ cases. As a result of the work, the total amount of physical losses was 1.92 (m3/day).