Kinetic and Macroscopic Equations for Action Potential in Neural Networks

Starting from the concept of binary interactions between pairs of particles, a kinetic framework for the description of the action potential dynamics on a neural network is proposed. It consists of two coupled levels: the description of a single brain region dynamics and the interactions among different regions. On one side, the pairwise interaction between neurons exchanging membrane potential is statistically described to account for the unmanageable number of neuron synapses within a single brain region. On the other, the network connections accounting for the brain region topology are represented and studied using concepts of the graph theory. Equilibria and stability of the obtained macroscopic systems are analyzed as well as numerical simulations of the system dynamics are performed in different scenarios. In particular, the latter allows us to observe the influence of the discrete network topology on the membrane potential propagation and synchronization through the different regions, in terms of its spiking characteristics.