Recent Advancements and Future Prospects of Phytoremediation

Phytoremediation is a promising, economical, and ecologically friendly technique that uses plants to purify soil, water, and air that have been polluted with heavy metals and other toxins. This has a huge negative impact on all forms of life, changing their characteristics. As a mutagenic, endocrine disruptor, carcinogen, and teratogen, heavy metal exposure causes illnesses of the nervous system in children. The treatment of contaminated water and soil by phytoremediation is another suitable method. Additionally, it had a considerable impact on qualities like acidity, and the presence of macro- and micronutrients, and significant attempts were undertaken to lower, remove, or stabilize contaminants in contaminated areas. The most important requirements for widespread acceptance of phytoremediation will continue to be its full utilization of by-products and overall economic feasibility. The chapter provides in-depth analyses of recent scientific discoveries and updates on plant-based methods for repairing damaged terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, focusing on future technological possibilities.