Proteomics

Oxidative stress (OS) induces differential expression of proteins and nucleic acids in several disease states. The proteomics approach is used to analyze the involvement of OS-associated proteins in several body fluids, including seminal plasma. In addition, advanced redox mass-proteomic approaches are used to identify the redox-induced modifications of proteins, peptides, and amino acids. Seminal OS affects the functional ability of spermatozoa, including its motility, hyperactivation, capacitation, acrosome reaction, and zona pellucida penetration, all of which are required to fertilize the ovum. This chapter presents an overview of novel proteomics methods and bioinformatics used to analyze proteomics data under conditions of OS. Furthermore, we provide a summary of recent findings from proteomics investigations conducted in males with significantly high seminal OS compared to males with normal levels of free radicals.