A System for Monitoring Hydroponic Plants in Greenhouse Using WSN, IoT and RnE

Hydroponic cultivation offers a promising solution to address environmental and food-related challenges by minimizing the use of fertilizers and water. Our research presents a greenhouse-based design for monitoring hydroponic plants, using wireless sensor networks (WSN), hydroponic irrigation system, Internet of Things (IoT) technologies and renewable energy system (RnE). The WSN consists of diverse sensors, including those for water level, water temperature, and pH levels. The sensors are connected to a cluster head, which is linked to a microcontroller. Through the Internet, the microcontroller transmits the collected data to the farmer. The farmer evaluates the data by comparing it to predetermined thresholds and, using a laptop or smartphone, sends commands to the associated actuator. The cloud serves as the storage system for the collected data. The system features automated control capabilities, allowing for adjustments in temperature, pH levels, and water levels. Furthermore, the proposed design can be easily customized to accommodate different hydroponic conditions and systems.