Infection prevention and control are essential in minimizing the risk of surgical site infections (SSIs) and ensuring safe surgical practices. Existing guidelines, including those developed by the World Health Organization, highlight the importance of a comprehensive set of preventive measures throughout the surgical process. The guidelines emphasize optimizing preoperative procedures, such as thorough patient assessment, Staphylococcus aureus screening, and addressing modifiable risk factors. Aseptic techniques are crucial, emphasizing a clean operating room environment, decontamination of medical devices, and strict adherence to hand hygiene practices, sterile attire, and skin antisepsis protocols. Appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis is addressed, providing recommendations tailored to specific surgical procedures and local resistance patterns to prevent SSIs without promoting antibiotic resistance. Postoperative surveillance and monitoring are emphasized for early detection and management of SSIs. Standardized surveillance methods and diagnostic criteria enable healthcare professionals to intervene promptly and minimize complications associated with SSIs. Adhering to these guidelines significantly reduces the incidence of SSIs. A comprehensive approach that optimizes the perioperative process, promotes aseptic techniques, ensures appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis, and enhances postoperative surveillance is crucial for effective infection prevention and control in surgical practice. By implementing these measures, healthcare professionals can enhance patient safety and improve surgical outcomes.