Thermodynamics—A Basic Macroscopic Model
摘要
The concept of heating as an energy flow is introduced as well as a basic mathematical model of its relationship to changes in the temperature and volume of a body. The roles of temperature and volume as the principal independent variables are stressed. The concepts of the constitutive domain and the constitutive equation are introduced and illustrated. Pressure is formulated as a function of temperature and volume. Processes and their curves are explained mathematically; isobars of an ideal gas, a Van der Waals fluid, and water are examined as examples. The potential role of pressure as an independent variable is mentioned.