Monetization Roadmap for Digital Services in Product-Service Systems: Insights and Challenges from a Case Study

This research explores the challenges and strategies for creating profitable digital services within a Product-Service System (PSS). Digital services can enhance connectivity among products, services, and processes, enabling innovative revenue models based on customer interactions and data analysis. These models can be use-related (charging based on service consumption) or result-related (charging based on generated output), aligning supplier and customer interests. Using a case study approach with interviews and focus groups, the research reveals key findings. The value of digital services varies among customers, contingent on their unique business cases and preferences. Diverse businesses necessitate negotiation to identify suitable revenue models. However, the study's limitations require validation through additional cases for broader applicability. Despite these limitations, this study provides valuable insights into the complexities of designing profitable digital services in PSS. The monetization roadmap offered can benefit practitioners and researchers interested in this field.