The Fundamental Concepts of Quantum Mechanics

To understand the problems of classical physics in describing the microscopic world, let’s start with a concrete example. Let’s consider the hydrogen molecule ion, H \(_{2}^{+}\) . This ion consists of two protons, located at a distance of about \(10^{-10}\)  m, and one electron. The mass of the protons is \(m_{p}=1.67\times 10^{-27}\)  KgProton mass, which is approximately 1800 times greater than the mass of the electron, \(m_{e}=9.11\times 10^{-31}\)  Kg.Electron mass We can then treat the two protons as fixed in their equilibrium positions, denoted by \(R_{1}\) and \(R_{2}\) , while the electron is free to move around them.