An Experimental Study of Maximum Power Point Tracking for Small-Scale Wind Turbines

Small-scale wind turbines face challenges in efficiently harnessing wind energy due to the variable nature of wind speeds. Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) offers a solution to optimize power generation by continuously tracking the maximum power point. This paper presents an experimental study of MPPT for small-scale wind turbines. The aim is to analyze the performance and efficiency of the MPPT system in extracting optimum power from the turbine under variable wind conditions. Simulations are conducted using QBlade to investigate the relationship between power coefficient and tip speed ratio (TSR). An experimental model of a small wind turbine is also developed and tested with variable electrical loads. The results align well between simulation and experiment, with both showing maximum power generation occurring around a TSR of 6. The average relative error between simulation and experimental TSRs is approximately 13%. This provides validation of the simulation model and confidence in the accuracy of MPPT determination. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of MPPT in optimizing power output from small wind turbines.