Towards an Integrative Taxonomical Framework for Hybrid Simulation and Hybrid Modelling

TheHybrid modelling modellingModelling and simulationSimulation (M&S) literature identifies two forms of hybrid studies—hybrid simulationHybrid simulation (HS) and hybrid modelHybrid models (HM). While HS is the combined application of simulationSimulation techniques such asDiscrete-Event Simulation discrete-event simulationSimulation, agent-based simulationSimulation andAgent-Based Simulation system dynamicsSystem dynamics, HM has a cross-disciplinary focus; the objective is to apply research paradigms and approaches, conceptualisations and frameworks, methods, tools and techniques from disciplines such as computer science, engineering, OR and economics in one or more stages of an M&S study. The growing volume of literature on HS evidences the shift from conventional (one-technique) models to HS. It is expected that HM will follow the same trajectory. However, further studies are essential in contextualising hybrid M&SHybrid M&S research and identifying opportunities for hybridisation. Towards this, three related themes of research are explored: (a) conceptualisation of HM in the context of the lifecycle of an M&S study, (b) a classification scheme, and (c) mapping existing literature in HS and HM. The themes are based on a series of authors’ papers published in the Journal of the Operational ResearchOperational research Society and the Winter SimulationSimulation Conference. The chapter concludes with an integrative taxonomical framework that identifies the current advances and opportunities for future research in hybrid M&SHybrid M&S.