Weak Focusing Synchrotron

This chapter introduces the weak focusing synchrotron, and the theoretical material needed for the simulation exercises. It begins withSynchrotron, weak focusing a brief reminder of the historical context, and continues with the beam optics and acceleration techniques that the weak focusing synchrotron principle and methods lean on, relying on basic charged particle optics and acceleration concepts introduced in the previous chapters. It further addresses the following aspects: – fixed closed orbit, – periodic structure, – periodic motion stability, – optical functions, – synchrotron motion, – depolarizing resonances. The simulation of a weak focusing synchrotron lattice only requires two optical elements: DIPOLE or BEND to simulate combined function dipoles, and DRIFT to simulate straight sections. A third element, CAVITE, is required for acceleration. Computation of synchrotron radiation (SR) Poynting and spectral brightness uses zpop. Particle monitoring requires keywords introduced in the previous chapters, including FAISCEAU, FAISTORE, PICKUPS, and some others. Spin motion computation and monitoring resort to SPNTRK, SPNPRT and FAISTORE. Optics matching and optimization use FIT[2]. INCLUDE is used, mostly here in order to shorten the input data files. SYSTEM is used to, mostly, resort to gnuplot so as to end simulations with some specific graphs (orbits, fields, or else) obtained by reading data from output files such as zgoubi.fai (resulting from the use of FAISTORE), zgoubi.plt (resulting from IL \(=\) 2), or other zgoubi.*.out files resulting from a PRINT command.