FFAG, Scaling

This chapter FFAG, scalingis an introduction to Fixed-Field Alternating Gradient (FFAG) cyclic accelerators. It begins with a brief reminder of the historical and technological context, and continues with the theoretical material needed for the simulation exercises. It relies on charged particle optics and acceleration concepts introduced in the previous cyclotron and synchrotron chapters. Furthermore it addresses Simulations introduce dedicated keywords providing an analytical modeling of the field: FFAG (radial sector dipole) and FFAG-SPI (spiral sector). They otherwise use optical elements met in the previous chapters: DIPOLE[S], TOSCA, CAVITE, data input/output keywords such as FAISCEAU, FAISTORE, the SYSTEM keyword, etc. Beam dynamics simulations include