Semiconductor Crystals and Device Physics

This chapter focuses on the physics of key components in LED devices to reveal fundamental mechanisms of how LEDs function in converting electrons into photons. Ever improving LED performance originates from scientists’ and engineers’ interest and understanding of LED physics. After the first section addresses semiconductor materials, luminescence mechanisms of semiconductor materials and devices will be discussed in the next section. Phosphor materials discussions are then provided, followed by a section describing roles of silicone in LEDs. Finally, the last section is dedicated to electrical aspects of LEDs, where the reader will discover an interesting interaction between electrons and photons in LED devices.