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Introduction

  • Beatriz Graça,
  • Manuel Au-Yong-Oliveira

摘要

This chapter introduces the study and provides definitions of some central concepts. What constitutes a positive culture and organization? What constitutes a negative culture and organisation? Related concepts, such as competitiveness, leadership, the role of senior management, and the civil service versus private enterprise—as well as examples of the concepts—are also discussed. The background for the book is set herein.