xEMS: Control Towers of Optimal Energy Flow Management for Smart City Realization

Smart city is an initiative to solve various problems and creates new value, including comfort and convenience, by utilizing advanced technologies to improve the efficiency and sophistication of urban and regional functions and services. In order to realize smart city, the introduction of renewable energy, stable and efficient energy supply and utilization technologies are indispensable. To achieve the carbon neutrality, the introduction of huge volumes of renewable energy, the spread of EVs, and the acceleration of electrification have created unprecedented challenges for energy, especially power systems. Various energy management systems can effectively solve these problems at each level of the system. This chapter unfolds the details of each EMS (Energy management system), focusing on the various issues that result from the realization of smart city. For example, GEMS (Grid EMS) is the energy management of the power infrastructure, primarily aimed at maintaining the power quality (voltage, frequency, stability, etc.) of the power grid. BEMS (Build EMS) is a system for energy management of air conditioning, lighting, motive power, etc. in offices, buildings, stores, etc. In addition to visualizing the overall energy consumption of a building, BEMS can support optimal energy operation by controlling air conditioning, lighting, and other equipment in the building. FEMS (Factory EMS) is a system that achieves optimization in conjunction with manufacturing schedules by rationalizing energy consumption by monitoring the energy utilization and operating status of production facilities at factories, and by improving energy intensity by performing predictive maintenance of production and facilities. HEMS (House EMS) primarily aims at reducing energy consumption and electricity bills. It can streamline the consumption of electricity, helping to reduce CO2 emissions. And CEMS (Community EMS) is a technology for ecology and residential comfort.