Thyroid Eye Disease

Thyroid eye disease (TED) is an autoimmune condition with debilitating, disfiguring, and potentially visual threatening consequences for patients. Remodeling of extraocular muscles and orbital fat may cause isolated eyelid retraction or proptosis in mild cases but can progress to vision-threatening compressive optic neuropathy requiring acute surgical intervention. In recent years, treatment of TED has been revolutionized by teprotumumabTeprotumumab, which was approved by US Federal Drug Administration (FDA) in 2020 for the treatment of moderate-to-severe active disease. The ophthalmologist and oculoplastic surgeon can benefit patients in the following ways: (1) early diagnosis and referral for systemic treatment, (2) protection against the vision threatening effects of the disease, and (3) restoration of the patient’s natural appearance.