Approach to Background Suppression in Scanning Machine Vision Systems

The problem of detecting weak signals in the presence of a bright and contrasting background in scanning optical technical visual systems is discussed. Creating appropriate digital signal processing algorithms to solve it is important for automatic remote sensing systems working in a hard and aggressive environment. For such a problem, the major task is obtaining an acceptably low false alarm rate while at the same time maintaining a high probability detection of useful signal. The main focus of the proposed chapter is concentrated on the method based on sequential viewing of all elements of the area of responsibility of the visual system and fixing those elements where the detector detected the signal source. Mathematics aspects of one-step cyclic searching and post-detector signal processing are discussed. The search procedure is presented as a branched transition graph, where the nodes of the graph represent possible states, and the edges of the graph represent possible transitions of the search system from one state to another. Analytical expressions are obtained that determine the mathematical expectation and dispersion of the signal detection and identification time, provided that a single-cycle search has been carried out.