Endoscopic Transorbital Approach for the Insular Tumors

Accessing tumors in the insula remains a challenge due to its anatomical complexity and the high chance of morbidity. The endoscopic transorbital approach (ETOA) is an emerging surgical corridor that is applicable for approaching not only a variety of various skull base areas but also specific regions within the brain parenchyma. The indication of this novel surgical approach and its application is broadening. We explored the potential of the ETOA to remove tumors in the insular region, which may offer advantages over conventional craniotomy surgery.