Conclusions

This final chapter encapsulates the research findings presented throughout the book. It asserts that international law is currently ill-equipped to protect individuals and communities amidst mineral exploitation. The analysis provided reveals a pervasive global pattern of violence linked to mineral extraction, transcending the boundaries of war. Despite the theoretical sufficiency of human rights frameworks, a significant gap persists between recognition and enforcement. The emergence of traceability mechanisms offers hope for addressing human rights violations in mineral supply chains. However, practical challenges remain, including the need for comprehensive implementation and enforcement. Additionally, this work has discussed how fragmentation within international law is hindering responses to mineral-related violence. Coherence and coordination across legal regimes are vital for better protection. In conclusion, the findings highlight the inadequacy of current legal mechanisms in addressing harms derived from mineral exploitation.