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25 Of Multifunctionality and Functional Equivalence

  • J. A. Scott Kelso,
  • David A. Engstrøm

摘要

Synergies and squiggles of the complementary code may seem a bit peculiar to study and reconcile using the binary, either-or logic common to most scientific enquiry. Historically, physical science has predominantly pursued a reductive approach to the dizzying array of structures and functions found in nature. The assumption is that the parts will sum up to the whole. More often than not, especially in biology, rigid, linear, one-to-one structure-to-function perspectives are ill-equipped to understand and explain the complex, nonlinear dynamic phenomena typical of living systems. There, and in Coordination Dynamics (CD), the ubiquitous characteristics of multifunctionality and functional equivalence reign.