2030 Agenda for Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities (IPLCs): Representation, Participation, and Rights in Global Sustainability

The 2030 Agenda constitutes an international dialogue platform aimed at representing diverse perspectives from around the world. Within this framework, proposals, goals, and global indicators centered on sustainability, equity, and justice are formulated and serve as guiding principles in shaping local and national policies. However, global sustainability agendas present challenges regarding diversity and inclusion, establishing initial benchmarks for projects and initiatives across various contexts and levels. This chapter emphasizes key challenges associated with the involvement of Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities (IPLCs) in the elaboration and implementation of the 2030 Agenda, specially focusing on the Brazilian implementation context. We highlight some of the main IPLCs international struggles and principles, such as the Free, Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC), that was excluded from the 2030 Agenda. While global agendas hold significant potential to support the struggles of Indigenous Peoples, particularly within local dialogues where IPLCs play crucial roles in any sustainability endeavor, there exists ample opportunity to democratize the implementation of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) through enhanced participation and interculturality. Establishing pathways toward this genuinely inclusive approach is not solely an opportunity for IPLCs to safeguard their rights or for global sustainable development agencies to devise new and effective alternatives to the 2030 Agenda. It is also an imperative for the global community to address climate and humanitarian crises comprehensively.