WSN Based Alert Architecture for Object Intrusion Detection and Fire Detection in Agricultural Farms in India

The crops on farms are frequently destroyed by local wildlife such as buffaloes, cows, goats, birds, and fire, amongst other things. This results in significant financial losses for the farmers. It is not feasible for farmers to fence off entire fields or to be on the land around the clock in order to provide security for it. As a result, the following is our proposal for an WSN based automatic crop protection architecture against animals and fire. This is a Wireless sensor based architecture that makes use of a microcontroller and is based on an Arduino Uno. Both an ultrasonic sensor and a smoke sensor are utilized by this architecture. The ultrasonic sensor is used to identify objects that are approaching the area, and the smoke sensor is utilized to detect fires. In such a scenario, the sensor sends a signal to the microcontroller instructing it to do an action. The microcontroller will now sound an alarm to scare the animals away from the field. It will also send an alert message to the farmer to know about the problem and allow him to travel to the location in the event that the animals do not flee in response to the alarm. If it detects smoke, it will switch the motor on as soon as possible and also send an alert message to the farmer to know about the fire in the field. Because of this, the crops are completely protected from both animals and fire, minimizing the risk of loss to the farmer.