Molecularly Imprinted Polymers-Based Sample Preparation and Preconcentration Methods

In the field of environmental health, the objects to be analyzed involve food, wastewater, soil, pesticides, drugs, biological samples, etc. The analysis of the sample matrix is more complicated and challenging to carry out. Liquid–liquid extraction and other traditional sample preparation methods have low extraction efficiency and consume a large amount of organic solvents, which make it difficult to meet the current detection requirements. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP) are one of the main research methods for the preparation and pre-concentration of complex samples due to their specific recognition ability, high selectivity, and strong stability. This chapter focuses on complex sample preparation and pre-concentration methods based on MIP technology, including solid-phase extraction, solid-phase microextraction, matrix solid-phase dispersion, liquid–liquid-solid microextraction, stir bar sorption extraction, membrane-assisted solvent extraction, and other sample preparation methods. For efficient and rapid separation and extraction of complex samples, the integration of various techniques, including solid-phase extraction, with a chromatographic system facilitates on-line sample enrichment and detection. The purpose of this chapter is to summarize and analyze the progress and use of molecular imprinting technology in sample preparation in recent years. The forecast and discussion focus on the future development trend of sample preparation and pre-concentration methods using MIP.