Alpha-Gal Syndrome
摘要
The human immune system may precipitate a hypersensitivity reaction in response to glycan, galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose which is present in pigs, cows, rabbits, and sheep, but not in humans. Humans may be sensitized (alpha-gal allergy) to this glycan by a tick bite. Consumption of beef or pork may result in a delayed onset (up to 8 h) of significant abdominal pain, reflux, diarrhea, or cramping. This hypersensitivity reaction may include urticaria, angioedema, and/or pruritis. Certain medications have this glycan incorporated during their manufacturing process and thus consumption perioperatively by a patient can precipitate a hypersensitivity reaction. Confirmation of this diagnosis includes detecting IgE antibodies against galactose-alpha-1-3-galactose. Awareness of this condition is important when planning a surgical procedure. There is a need to pay attention to and avoid certain medications and surgical products in a patient who has alpha-gal allergy.