From Siberia to Timor: Portugal Between Two Bloc Projects

In sum, the book suggests that the rhizomatic, groupuscular right in Portugal can be best described as cleaved into two lines, the ethnonationalist line and the Imperial Patriotic line. At one side, there is Bionationalism, a sub-type of ethnonationalism, represented mostly by O Bom Europeu. It is a nationalism rooted in biological theories, in which different cultures are regarded a natural expression of biological race. At the other side, Cosmopolis Nationalism is a sub-type of civic nationalism, mainly defended by Nova Portugalidade. It is a kind of nationalism with cosmopolitan and multiracial leanings, but with an imaginary and historical memory centered in Portugal. That is, its supporters defend a style of globalization that contains a political pact and covenant centered in the old colonial metropole. With regard to the variety of nationalist styles found in the Portuguese case, the book concludes that the groupuscular right goes beyond the survival strategy of fascism. The author states that the groupuscular space of the Portuguese extreme right is more than a fascism hideout. Rather, it constitutes a space to debate nationalist ideas with few limits, and at the same time, with a radical bias.