Organisms live and interact in groups, exposing them to various elements such as disease, fear, predator cooperation, and others. This paper presents a food web system that has three-species. The number of vulnerable and infected prey is logistically increasing due to the lack of predators. It is hypothesised that predators consume the all prey, whereas infected creatures consume susceptible prey. We examine how predator species cause fear in susceptible prey. Again, the effect of the harvest of prey has been hypothesised. The predator also feeds its prey through Holling- and Crowley-Martin interactions. The system is explored in terms of positive invariance, positivity, and boundedness. The criteria at all environmentally possible points of equilibrium have been investigated. The local stability of ecosystems surrounding these points of equilibrium is examined. In addition, the phenomenon of bifurcation regarding the fear \((\chi )\) has been examined. Finally, we present a few simulations that demonstrate our major analytical conclusions.

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Impact of Fear on Crowley-Martin Eco-Epidemiological Model with Harvesting

  • M. Siva Pradeep,
  • T. Nandha Gopal,
  • M. Sivabalan,
  • Ebenezer Bonyah,
  • A. Yasotha

摘要

Organisms live and interact in groups, exposing them to various elements such as disease, fear, predator cooperation, and others. This paper presents a food web system that has three-species. The number of vulnerable and infected prey is logistically increasing due to the lack of predators. It is hypothesised that predators consume the all prey, whereas infected creatures consume susceptible prey. We examine how predator species cause fear in susceptible prey. Again, the effect of the harvest of prey has been hypothesised. The predator also feeds its prey through Holling- and Crowley-Martin interactions. The system is explored in terms of positive invariance, positivity, and boundedness. The criteria at all environmentally possible points of equilibrium have been investigated. The local stability of ecosystems surrounding these points of equilibrium is examined. In addition, the phenomenon of bifurcation regarding the fear \((\chi )\) has been examined. Finally, we present a few simulations that demonstrate our major analytical conclusions.