Dynamics and Bifurcation Analysis of a Crowley-Martin Eco-Epidemiological Model with Prey Refuge and Impact of Fear
摘要
Organisms live and interact in groups, exposing them to various elements such as disease, fear, predator cooperation, and others. In the present study, we dynamically examined the two-species food web diseased predator-prey model with the addition of the level of fear and refuge from prey. The number of vulnerable and infected prey is logistically increasing due to the lack of predators. Also, we examine the fear of vulnerable prey in the proposed paradigm by analyzing populations of diseased prey. The predator-feeding rate is supposed to decrease with increasing predator numbers in the Crowley-Martin functional response. Also, prey refuges for vulnerable and diseased prey have been considered. First, we studied the boundedness of the system. It has been shown that biological systems include every conceivable equilibrium point. Additionally, it has been shown that Hopf-bifurcation analysis considers the effect of fear as a bifurcation parameter. All analytical findings are systematically validated through quantitative results to confirm the suitability of the proposed model.