Sports and bone health are closely linked. Adequate bone health is essential for optimal sports performance and exercises and sporting activities are vital to maintaining bone health during growth and even later in life. Calcium and vitamin D are essential for bone metabolism and Vitamin D deficiency is linked to various sports-related injuries and performance issues. Other clinical problems of importance where sports and bone health are linked include female and male athlete triad, relative energy deficiency in sports (RED-S), stress fractures, and problems in masters and para-athletes. Regular exercise is recommended by healthcare and athletic agencies for attaining adequate peak bone mass and to maintain it as well as possible throughout the lifespan.