GIS-Based Erosion Potential Method (EPM) for Soil Degradation Evaluation: A Case Study the Northeast of Morocco

Soil degradation is a significant environmental concern, posing severe challenges to sustainable agriculture and land management. The Northeast region of Morocco is particularly susceptible to soil erosion, owing to a combination of factors, including topography, geomorphology, geology, climate, and land use practices. This chapter introduces a GIS-based Erosion Potential Method (EPM) designed to assess soil degradation in the Oued Amter watershed in Northeast Morocco. This study developed a comprehensive erosion risk assessment model by integrating various spatial data, such as topography, rainfall, land cover, and soil properties. The results of this study reveal that soil loss varies significantly, ranging from 55.91 to 44,088.33 m3/km2/year across the Oued Amter watershed. These findings underscore the urgent need to address the region's soil conservation and land use planning. Policymakers, land managers, and researchers can use EPM outcomes to make informed decisions and implement effective measures to safeguard the soil and promote sustainable land use practices.