Single Sperm Cryopreservation for Azoospermia Management

Advanced treatments for male infertility require an efficient method for fertility preservation. The routine method using slow freezing in a tube is inappropriate for freezing only a few spermatozoa, due to loss of cells after thawing and because it requires a relatively large total fluid volume of 0.25–1 mL. The following criteria are needed for efficient freezing of a few spermatozoa: This chapter describes the various methods published in the literature that meet the above criteria.