Towards Parametric Modelling of Human Bronchial Tree for Computational Fluid Dynamics

This work discusses the development and application of a parametric CAD model of the human bronchial tree, for use in computational fluid dynamics simulations. The model, which represents the trachea, bronchi, and early airway bifurcations, is based on geometrical parameters derived from existing literature. It can be edited by easily varying parameters in an external spreadsheet, offering an efficient alternative to patient-specific models, which often require the use of time-consuming segmentation procedures. The developed model was utilized to run fluid dynamic simulations, including a scenario that represents respiratory system dysfunctions. These are typical of diseases such as acute respiratory distress syndrome, which can be also triggered by recently emerged COVID-19. The results of these simulations were critically analyzed: they turned out to be consistent with the stated objectives and methods, even in the context of the existing literature. The paper concludes by discussing the limitations and potential improvements of the research.