Soil Management Practices, Fertilization, Pruning, and Harvesting of Italian Olive Groves

In Italy, olive cultivation is carried out in a complex and fragile environmental context, where landscape variability, anthropic pressure, and climate dynamics are continually evolving. The adoption of agronomic practices with low environmental impact, assisted by correct exploitation of modern technologies, are here more than elsewhere necessary to bring together productivity and provision of invaluable ecosystem services. The adoption of efficient and environmentally friendly agronomic practices is a crucial aspect in the development of a truly sustainable olive-growing model. This statement is particularly true in countries where orographic vulnerability, anthropogenic pressure, and climatic dynamics interact, outlining a highly complex and extremely fragile context, as in the case of Italy. In particular, in Italy, the soil resource represents, more than elsewhere, the element on which to focus attention.