Conclusion

The final chapter recapitulates the research puzzle brought forward by the age of disruption and the potential impact of Brexit and COVID-19 on HE internationalisation. It summarises the key findings from the three country case studies and their comparative analysis. Notably, in the context of Brexit and the COVID-19 pandemic, England, France, and Germany all underwent partial institutional change involving changes in the regulative and/or normative dimension while experiencing stability in the cultural-cognitive dimension. The theoretical implications of the findings are highlighted, including novel insights into the interplay between institutional structures and change agents, and conditions for successful institutional entrepreneurship during times of upheaval. The chapter explores disruption-derived implications for policy and practice of HE internationalisation and presents further avenues of research linked to the theoretical and empirical insights from the study.