Stochastic Application in the Numerical Simulation Model for Groundwater Salinity Management and Decision-Making

Groundwater modelling is the process of creating mathematical representations of groundwater systems to simulate the flow and transport of water and solutes in subsurface environments. It is a crucial tool for understanding and managing groundwater resources, mainly when water scarcity is a concern. Groundwater numerical simulation models can predict future water availability, assess the impacts of land use changes on groundwater resources, and evaluate the effectiveness of water management strategies. In the present study, we have developed a 3D numerical simulation model using SEAWAT numerical code. We have used an illustrative study area to test different scenarios that can help to manage saltwater intrusion in a coastal aquifer. We have also used randomised hydraulic conductivities in our 3D simulations. The scenarios that we tested were using different hydraulic barriers. The results from this study indicated that using injection wells and barrier wells reduces saltwater intrusion rates. Moreover, we have also demonstrated successfully that using randomised hydraulic conductivities at different nodes is possible using the SEAWAT code. The results from this study are essential in changing the modern world where water is scarce. The noble outcome presented in this study provides insights for groundwater modellers in managing saltwater intrusion in coastal aquifers. However, the complexity of groundwater systems and the limitations of available data mean that modelling is still an ongoing challenge, and uncertainty is always a factor to consider. Nevertheless, with continued improvements in modelling techniques and increased data availability, groundwater modelling is poised to remain a vital tool for groundwater salinity management and overall decision-making.