Future Challenges and Conclusions

The growing volume of reports and research publications related to the development of nano-based structures highlights the significant interest demonstrated by scientists in the food, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical fields. Consequently, this growing interest has ushered in fresh opportunities for the application of nanostructures in the creation of advanced future products within these industries. The adoption of nanostructures for encapsulating drugs and bioactive compounds, thereby enabling controlled and targeted release, has gained global recognition. Nevertheless, significant challenges persist, including the need to reduce production costs on an industrial scale. Furthermore, addressing issues such as enhancing the gastrointestinal stability of protein-based nanocarriers and conducting comprehensive toxicological studies to validate their safety in human interactions remains imperative.