Psychopharmacology for Autism and Neurodevelopmental Disorders

No medications have been FDA-approved for the treatment of the core features of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or specifically indicated for other neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). Medications used with ASD/NDDs address co-occurring psychiatric disorders or specific target symptoms. There have been remarkably few studies of psychotropic medications in the context of ASD and even fewer specifically in the context of other developmental disorders. This chapter focuses on medications for which there is specific data or guidance for use in the ASD population, with information for other NDDs presented if available. Information from other chapters should be used as a foundation on which the guidelines in this chapter will build. Specifically, this chapter presents evidence for the use of stimulants, atomoxetine, alpha-2-agonists, atypical antipsychotics, anticonvulsants, antidepressants, and melatonin in individuals with ASD or other NDDs.